What is parental responsibility?
If someone has parental responsibility towards a child, it means that they legally have rights, duties, powers, responsibilities and authority towards the child. The full definition is set out in section 3(1) of the Children Act 1989.
What rights does parental responsibility give?
Some examples of the rights that parental responsibility gives, includes:
- To discipline the child
- Deciding the child’s name and registering their birth
- Where the child will live
- If the child can receive medical treatment
- Where the child will be educated
- The child’s religious instruction (if any)
Who has parental responsibility?
Parental responsibility is sometimes automatically gained without needing to have an agreement or court order.
When a woman gives birth to a child, they will automatically receive parental responsibility for that child. The only way a father or second mother can receive automatic parental responsibility is if the mother and father are married at the time of birth or if both mothers were married/in a civil partnership at the time of fertility treatment.
If the second parent does not automatically qualify for parental responsibility, they can still have it if both parents jointly register the birth of the child.
For parents who are adopting a child, they will both receive parental responsibility towards the child when the adoption order is granted.
How can you get parental responsibility?
There are a few ways to get parental responsibility if you have not received it automatically, including:
- Marrying the child’s birth mother if you are the legal parent
- Signing a parental responsibility agreement with the agreement of all individuals who have parental responsibility
- Obtaining a parental responsibility order from the court
Can parental responsibility be transferred?
It is not possible for parental responsibility to be transferred to another individual unless it is with an adoption order. If someone, however, wanted to share their parental responsibility, this is possible to do.
Can parental responsibility be removed?
Removing parental responsibility can only be done by the court should they see a parent unfit to carry out their role.
When does parental responsibility end?
In the UK once the child reaches the age of 18, parental responsibility will end, but it is possible for it to end earlier.